Add a disk space to Linux Operating System on Virtual box | VM | Linux

The following opinions expressed in this post are my own and in no way connected to my employer. 

Add disk-space to Virtual box

1. First close the running VM

2. Select Storage and then select the Correct Controller and select Add Hard disk

3. Select new hard disk and add a new hard disk on next windows

4. Once done start the VM

5. Login as root

6. fdisk -l (lists all the available mounts, check the newly added mount which won't have any partition assigned to it yet )

Eg: a partition added with space 10.7 GB

Disk /dev/sdc: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

the above has 1305 cylinders, so we can select our required number of partitions and give them the number of cylinders summing up to 1

7. create the partition, type "fdisk /dev/sdc"

	select n -> 1 -> 1->1305->w

Eg:

Command (m for help): n

Command action

   e   extended

   p   primary partition (1-4)

p

Partition number (1-4): 1

First cylinder (1-1305, default 1):

Using default value 1

Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-1305, default 1305):

Using default value 1305

Command (m for help): w

The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

Syncing disks.

8.	Create a filesystem for newly added disk partition "/sbin/mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdc1"

Execute as below:

/sbin/mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdc1

mke2fs 1.43-WIP (20-Jun-2013)

Filesystem label=

OS type: Linux

Block size=4096 (log=2)

Fragment size=4096 (log=2)

Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks

655360 inodes, 2620595 blocks

131029 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user

First data block=0

Maximum filesystem blocks=2684354560

80 block groups

32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group

8192 inodes per group

Superblock backups stored on blocks:

        32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632

Allocating group tables: done

Writing inode tables: done

Creating journal (32768 blocks): done

Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

9. Once done with above steps, create the folder to which you would want to mount the filesystem to "/u02"

Eg: mkdir /u02

10. Mount the folder to enable it to be viewed

mount /dev/sdc1 /u02

11. Edit /etc/fstab to include the newly added filesystem so that it picks it up automatically starting next boot/reboot

/dev/sdc1    /u02    ext4    defaults     1 3

12. Finally check the new filesystem to be available 

/dev/sdc1   9.9G  151M  9.2G   2% /u02